Social norms for population displacements caused by large dams France, 20th century: the example of the Tignes and Serre-Poncon dams in the Alps and the Aigle and Bort-Ies-Orgues dams in Haute-Dordogne

摘要

With the passage of time and insights from a number of historical studies it is now possible to take a look back at the way mtal populations in France were displaced for the construction of large dams during and after the Second Wotld Wai. Today, international standards relating to the social implications of dam development projects are imposed on dam builders by both governments and financing institutions However, in the absence of these international social standards, how did population displacements take place in the past? This paper provides a tetrospective look in the light of the current" protection policies " developed by the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank Retrospective case studies are based on research conducted in the Alps by Viiginie Bodon on Tignes and Serre-Poncon for her doctoral thesis in history (1999) and on the book by D Varaschin on Tignes The authoi uses her own studies on the impact of the large dams of the Uppei Dordogne, based on research conducted in depattmental and municipal archives and on interviews with those who witnessed the implementation ofdisplacement policies fand with their children (1998-2005). The author draws on her experience as an anthropologist for the World Bank to analyse the ways in which these displacements were actually carried out.