DEPENDENCE OF THE SERVICE PROPERTIES OF CARBON-BEARING MATERIALS ON THE PROCESSES OF SPINEL FORMATION THAT OCCUR IN THE STRUCTURE OF TUEFRACTORY IN SERVICE

摘要

The process of steel making requires the use of refractories that can withstand the aggressiveness of slag and metal and durable residence of metal in the teeming ladle. The refractories wear due to impregnation with metal and slag, chemical interaction, mechanical wear, and heat shocks. Producers and consumers of refractories face the problem of predicting their properties depending on the conditions of steel making and creating what are known as combined linings. In combined linings refractories with specified quality parameters are used in different zones with allowance for the process used for steel making and for the processes that occur in the refractory material in operation.