Mechatronics for elevator installers and drive technicians

摘要

Today's more stringent requirements in elevator engineering and the growing use of complicated drive concepts (such as those based on asynchronous or synchronous gearless technology or new, ultra high efficiency gearing technology) require carefully matched mechanical components and precise electronic regulation. In the early days of elevator engineering the travel curve was fine-tuned with skilled selection of the motor and of the masses in motion. The heaviest possible car and the appropriate vibration reduction pads and springs contributed to travel comfort. Modern elevator systems often have hardly any masses at suitable points, masses whose inertias would damp irregularities in travel, even though in certain cases this would have a positive influence on regulation and control properties. It is a known fact that insufficient inertia at the motor and/or the rotation transducer will have a negative effect on the variable P components; insufficient inertia at the car causes irregular, jerky travel (it is exactly this effect which makes closing a door on a compact car sound "cheap" and "tinny" while closing a luxury class car door gives a more pleasant sound). This fact and the combination of high travel velocities with very high payloads, at the lowest possible noise level and perfect travel comfort, make it necessary for the engineer to be highly aware of problems encountered in regulation technology. Two procedures which greatly simplify elevator commissioning have become established in practice in recent years. These two procedures complement each other in an ideal fashion and can be used to eliminate the most frequent reasons for poor travel properties (or noise).