Satellite remote sensing for mapping vegetation in New Zealand freshwater environments:A review

摘要

Freshwater environments in New Zealand provide a range of ecosystemservices and contain important biodiversity. Managing these environments effectivelyrequires a comprehensive inventory of the resource and cost-effective tools forregular monitoring. The complex and extensive margins of natural water bodies makethem difficult to sample comprehensively. Problems thus occur with extrapolatingpoint-specific sampling to accurately represent the diversity of vegetation in largefreshwater bodies. Mapping freshwater vegetation using satellite remote sensing canovercome problems associated with access, scale and distribution, but it requireshigh-resolution images that have appropriate spectral characteristics. This paper pro-vides an overview of the optical satellite data characteristics required for mappingriparian, submerged and emergent vegetation associated with freshwater environ-ments in New Zealand.