Clinical trials: High-impact session from kidney week

摘要

Co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory signals that are expressed upon T-cell-activation influence both autoreactive and alloreactive T-cell responses. Here, the authors describe the functional importance of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules in transplantation, tolerance and autoimmunity, and how therapeutic blockade of these pathways might be harnessed to manipulate the immune response to prevent or attenuate pathological immune responses.