The Norwegian Model of Fisheries Bio-Resources Management

摘要

The Norwegian coastal area is the most efficient region for fishery production in the world's oceans, the Norway is the world's top 10 fisheries countries through efficient fishing and fishing aquaculture technology and its scientific management of fisheries bio-resources, with Norwegian salmon having attained the world's highest level. In the late 1980s, fisheries resources were depleted due to overfishing and fish diseases, resulting in a crisis in the fishing industry that lasted until the early 1990s. Since the national fishery emergency, people involved in the fishing industry, including fishermen, research scientists, and government officers, have tried to overcome the challenges facing the industry and identify an appropriate management modelfor fisheries bio-resources in the Norwegian coastal area. First, research vessels were used to monitor water and sediment conditions and fishery species, with the long-term aim of predicting fishery resources in real time and collecting information onspecies diversity, abundance, and distribution. Second, a "Healthy Fish Project" was promoted to counter natural disasters and fish disease problems with the development of vaccines against viruses and bacteria, eventually allowing for a decrease in theuse of antibiotics and the production of notably healthier fish in the 2000s. Third, a systematic management model was developed to help with preparations for decreases in the total number of fishermen and increases in the proportion of elderly fishermenin the fishery industry using the development of automatic fishing aquaculture systems and short-chain systems. We could learn from the Norwegian model of fisheries bio-resources, management and could adopt it for the preparation of fishery bio-resources management policy for South Korean coastal areas in the near future.