Non-Destructive MEASUREMENT OF RESIDUAL STRESSES by an Ultrasonic Method: New Developments

摘要

Fatigue life, distortion, dimensional stability, corrosion resistance and brittle fracture may be affected strongly by residual stresses (RS) [1, 2]. Residual stresses can add to, or subtract from, the applied stresses and so when unexpected failure occurs it is often because residual stresses have combined critically with the applied stresses, or because together with the presence of undetected defects they have dangerously lowered the applied stress at which failure will occur. Such effects usually lead to considerable expenditures in repairs and restoration of parts, equipment and structures and for that reason the knowledge of residual stresses and their behavior are necessary in the design of parts and structural elements and in the estimation of their reliability under real service conditions.