Regulations governing lead call for the phasing out of certain copper alloys containing more than 1% lead. The performance of various replacement alloys made with bismuth, lead-free or having a reduced lead content, was investigated in the context of several processes: gravity sand casting, continuous casting, and centrifugal casting. The foundry and mechanical properties of these alloys seem to be comparable to those of standard alloys, but their technological properties are much poorer, especially as regards tightness and friction performance.
展开▼
