Synthesis of Phosphinodiselenoic Acid Ester Derivatives and their Application in the Controlled Radical Polymerization of Styrene

摘要

Controlled radical polymerizations have been used widely in industry because they are easy to perform and offer a vast range of advanced and well-defined materials. Three main types of controlled radical polymerization have been developed: nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP), atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)3 and reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization (RAFT). They all use the principle of dynamic equilibration between active species and dormant chains. This equilibrium affects the molecular weights and polydispersities of polymers as well as the polymerization rates. In the reaction of NMP, the stable nitroxide radical TEMPO has been most frequently used as a trap for reactive alkyl radicals.