An Exciting New Era: Membrane Extraction as a Versatile Sample Preparation Technique

摘要

Membrane extraction is a viable alternative to a variety of conventional procedures such as LLE, SPE and purge and trap. The capability of direct interfacing with instruments for the development of automated, real-time monitoring systems, and the simple miniaturisation of membrane modules have thrown the doors wide open for an exciting new era in sample preparation. Analysis at trace levels usually involves several discrete steps, such as, extraction, concentration, and clean-up prior to qualitative and quantitative determination. Typical extraction techniques include methods such as Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE), Solid-Phase extraction (SPE), and Purge and Trap. Rotary evaporation, gas purging, and K-D apparatus are used for sample concentration [1]. In principle, membrane extraction is a viable alternative to many of these processes. It offers high enrichment, is inexpensive, easily automated and can be directly interfaced with a wide range of instruments for continuous, online analysis.