Hortobiont spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in agroecosystems of Moscow Province (species composition, spatial distribution, and seasonal dynamics)

摘要

Spider communities were studied in Moscow Province in fields occupied by corn, vetch-oat mixture, and winter wheat. Spiders were collected by net-sweeping in the central and edge zones of the fields and in their margins. In all, 97 species of spiders were found. The species composition observed did not essentially differ from that of European countries within the temperate zone. The set of mass species did not depend on the crop. The number of species and the abundance of most species decreased from the field margin to its center. The agroecosystem community comprised mostly eurytopic meadow species and those typical of disturbance biotopes, the dominant forms being Thomisidae (hortobiont ambushers), Tetragnathidae, and Linyphiidae (hortobiont web-building spiders). The dominance structure and seasonal dynamics of abundance and spatial distribution was described for 7 species, comprising about half the total number of spiders collected. The relative abundance of 4 species increased from the margin to the field proper, while 3 species showed the opposite trend. The abundance of spiders in the central zone of the field appears to be insufficient for maintaining the stability of arthropod community.