Influence of Pruning Severity on Bud Behaviour, Yield, Berry Quality and Some Biochemical Contents of The Canes of Crimson Seedless Grapes

摘要

IFFERENT PRUNING levels greatly affected bud behaviour parameters and associated biochemical contents of the canes, as well as, yield, cluster characteristics and beny qualify. The results showed a close correlation between purning severity and bud burst percentage, bud fertility and fruitfulness during the seasons of the study, pruned vines to 8 or 10 canes with 12 nodes gave a higher significant bud burst and bud fertility percentage than leaving 16 nodes per cane. Increasing bud load increased number of clusters per vines and reduced clusters weight, and also increased yield. Vines pruned to 10 canes with 12 nodes produced higher yield (15.9 kg/Vine) than the other pruning severity levels. Number of berries per cluster was, in general, lower thanthe other seedless cultivars; range between 98-100 berries per cluster being recorded. Therefore, the compactness coefficient was also lower (4.7-5.0%), and pruning severity did not affect their compactness coefficient. Concerning berry quality, slighteffect was observed on berry weight and diameter due to different pruning severity levels. Leaving 8 canes per vine with 12 nodes produced a somewhat increment in the average weights of berry. Berry firmness of Crimson seedless was higher than beny adherence. Leaving 8 canes per vine with 12 nodes produced firmer berries than other pruning severity. However, vines, which were pruned to 10 canes with 12 nodes, had more berry adherence than the other treatments. Crimson Seedless berries are generally characterized with crisp and firm properties as compared with the other berries of seedless grape vine cultivar. Increasing the number of nodes per cane reduced both soluble solids percentage and soluble solids / acid ratio in berry juice, whereas total sugars were also reduced as bud load increased. Thus, vines pruned to 8 canes with 12 nodes produced clusters with a higher percent of total sugars, and resulted in higher values of anthocyanin content. In relation to pruning severity, increasing bud load onthe vine significantly increased total stored carbohydrate and protein contents of the canes during dormant season. In this respect, vines pruned to the level of 10 canes with 16 nodes showed higher percent of both total carbohydrate and protein contents than the other levels of pruning.