Degradation of Low and High Molecular Weight Fractions of Softwood Bleachery Effluents by Penicillium camemberti in Up-flow Column Reactor

摘要

Pulp and Paper industry wastewaters and especially spent liquors from chlorine pulp bleaching have been considered for several years to be a real world wide environmental problem. The treatment of the effluents from pulp mills has been extensively studied because of the large quantities of wastewaters produced and for their toxicity and ecotoxicity. Lignin degradation products dominate the spent liquors from chlorination and alkali extraction. Spent chlorination and alkali extraction liquors from the bleaching of softwood kraft pulp are mildly toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms (Kringstad and Lindstrom 1984). The chlorinated compounds found in effluents are reported to be often resistant to chemical and biological degradation. Many of these compounds are toxic to aquatic organisms and several of them are genotoxic (Rosenberg et al. 1991).