Exploring the relationship between gender nonconformity and mental health among black South African gay and bisexual men

摘要

Studies in Western countries have consistently demonstrated that, as a consequence of more frequent discrimination, gender nonconforming gay and bisexual men experience more mental distress than gender conforming gay and bisexual men (D'Aug-elli, Grossman, & Starks, 2006; Grossman, D'Augelli, Salter, & Hubbard, 2005; Henning-Stout, James, & Macintosh, 2000; Landolt, Bartholomew, Saffrey, Oram, & Perlman, 2004; Plo-derl & Fartacek, 2009; Sandfort, Melendez, & Diaz, 2007; Skid-more, Linsenmeier, & Bailey, 2006). These relationships have never been studied in low- and middle-income countries, even though gender nonconformity (GNC) is evident in expressions of same-sex sexuality in such countries. We explored whether GNC among gay Black South African men was associated with depression and if this association was mediated or moderated by discrimination.