PURPOSE: Medicine is traditionally considered a healing profession, but it has neither an operational definition of healing nor an explanation of its mechanisms beyond the physiological processes related to curing. The objective of this study was to determine a definition of healing that operationalizes its mechanisms and thereby identifies those repeatable actions that reliably assist physicians to promote holistic healing. METHODS: This study was a qualitative inquiry consisting of in-depth, open-ended, semistructured interviews with Drs. Eric J. Cassell, Carl A. Hammerschlag, Thomas S. Inui, Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, Cicely Saunders, Bernard S. Siegel, and G. Gayle Stephens. Their perceptions regarding the definition and mechanisms of healing were subjected to grounded theory content analysis. RESULTS: Healing was associated with themes of wholeness, narrative, and spirituality. Healing is an intensely personal, subjective experience involving a reconciliation of the meaning an individual ascribes to distressing events with his or her perception of wholeness as a person. CONCLUSIONS: Healing may be operationally defined as the personal experience of the transcendence of suffering. Physicians can enhance their abilities as healers by recognizing, diagnosing, minimizing, and relieving suffering, as well as helping patients transcend suffering.
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机译：目的：医学在传统上被认为是康复专业，但是它既没有治愈的操作定义，也没有解释与治愈有关的生理过程之外的机制。这项研究的目的是确定一种可定义其运作机制的康复方法，从而确定可重复地可靠地帮助医师促进整体康复的行为。方法：本研究是定性探究，包括对Drs的深入，开放式，半结构化访谈。埃里克·卡塞尔（Eric J. Cassell），卡尔·哈默施拉格（Carl A.Hammerschlag），托马斯·S·伊努伊（Thomas S.他们对治愈的定义和机制的看法经过扎根的理论内容分析。结果：愈合与整体性，叙事和灵性主题相关。疗愈是一种强烈的个人主观体验，涉及个人对痛苦事件的理解与他或她对人的整体性的理解之间的协调。结论：可以将治疗定义为超越痛苦的个人经历。医师可以通过识别，诊断，最小化和减轻痛苦，以及帮助患者超越痛苦来增强其作为治疗者的能力。
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