Pulmonary Vascular Disease as a Systemic and Multisystem Disease

摘要

? Chronic heart failure syndrome is responsible for many of the common manifestations of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), including activation of the sympathetic nervous system and reninangiotensin-aldosterone system. ? PAH is associated with changes in skeletal and respiratory muscle functions. There is evidence to support exercise training in reversing, to some extent, peripheral muscle dysfunction.