A comprehensive and scientific approach has been adopted for developing shop specific balanced lining designs for BOF and steel ladles. Attempt has been made to upgrade refractories from commodity products to a high technology system, which can provide reliable and continuous operation at a reduced total cost. This present work gives the necessary platform for achieving higher targets. Models developed during the work can be tuned for any shop specific condition. In future, newer products will have to be developed with exacting properties in view of depleting raw materials in India and increase in import cost. Attention also needs to be given for achieving consistency in quality of refractories. This paper reports part of the work done in the SDF aided project which has been executed by a team from RDCIS,BSL and RSP. The authors would, therefore, like to place on record their gratitude to the team members for sharing their experience and support towards fulfillment of the project objective. Thanks are also due to the management of RDC1S for giving permission to publish this paper in the forthcoming JFC Bulletin on Iron and Steel.
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