Optimization of the method for the extraction of biologically active substances from fresh vegetable raw materials by enzymatic hydrolysis and cryogenic concentration

摘要

An extraction method has been optimized by incorporating in the technological order steps of cell wall enzyme grinding, ultrafiltration of the separated supernatant fluid and cryogenic concentration to obtain a liquid or dry extract with a high content of biologically active substances. An optimal algorithm has been developed to implement the different approaches for enzymatic grinding, .ultrafiltration, cryogenic concentration and drying at the temperature range -50°C to 30°C. The ultimate goal ofapplying this algorithm is to keep thermolabile compounds to achieve maximum biological activity, and a frequency with no residual organic solvents in the final extract.Laboratory-grown micelle culture of higher medical mushrooms of the species Ganoderma lucidum grown in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium supplemented with yeast extract was used as a starting material. The mycelialculture is subjected to fresh (live) processing without prior drying, by running the shock freezing process line to maximally preserve the functional stability of the biologically active substances.Proven degradation of the cell wall by microscopic observation and HPLC analysis to detect the products obtained after hydrolysis of the chitin layer (Krishnendu Acharya et al., 2015).