Differential Mortality of Male Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri) and King Eiders (Somateria spectabilis) Subsequent to Anesthesia With Propofol, Bupivacaine, and Ketoprofen

摘要

Twenty free-ranging spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri; 10 male. 10 female), 11 free-ranging king ciders (Somateria spectabilis; 6 male. 5 female), and 20 female common ciders (Somateria mollissima) were anesthetized with propofol, bupivacaine, andketoprolen for the surgical implantation of satellite transmitters. Propofol was given to induce and maintain anesthesia (mean total dose, 26.2-45.6 mg/kg IV). bupivacaine (2-10 mg/kg SC) was infused into the incision site for local analgesia, and keloprofen (2-5 mg/kg IM) was given at the time of surgery for postoperative analgesia. Four of 10 male spectacled eiders and 5 of 6 male king eiders died within 1-4 days after surgery. None of the female spectacled or common eiders and only 1 of the 5 femaleking eiders died during the same postoperative period. Histopathologic findings in 2 dead male king eiders were severe renal tubular necrosis, acute rhahdomyolysis. and mild visceral gout. Necropsy findings in 3 other dead male king eiders were consistent with visceral gout. We suspect that the perioperativc use of keloprofen caused lethal renal damage in the male eiders. Male eiders may be more susceptible lo renal damage than females because of behavioral differences during their short stay on land in mating season. The combination of propofol. bupivacaine, and ketuprofen should not be used to anesthetize free-ranging male eiders, and nonstcroidai anti-intlammatory drugs should not be used periopcratively in any bird that may he predisposed lo renalinsufficiency.