Life cycle assessment of emerging environmental technologies in the early stage of development: A case study on nanostructured materials

摘要

Abstract >The use of nanostructured materials has been recently proposed in the field of environmental nanoremediation. This approach consists in using nanomaterials not directly, but as building blocks for the design of nano‐porous micro‐dimensional systems, overcoming the eco‐ and health‐toxicology risks generally associated with the use of nano‐sized technologies. Herein we report the use of life cycle assessment (LCA) as an eco‐design tool for optimizing the production of cellulose nanosponges (CNS), nanostructured materials recently developed for water remediation purposes. LCA was applied from the acquisition of raw materials to the synthesis of CNS (from cradle‐to‐gate), considering three production systems, from the lab‐level to a modeled scale‐up system. The lab‐scale LCA identified the main environmental hotspots, namely the energy‐consuming steps and the final purification of the material (washing step). In a second lab‐scale production, an improvement action could be implemented, switching the washing solvent from methanol to water and decreasing the washing temperature. A second LCA showed a reduced contribution to the impacts from the materials, while the global impacts remained within the same order of magnitude. A simulated scale‐up of the process allowed to optimize the energy‐consuming steps and the water consumption, through internal recycling. A third LCA assessed the resulting benefits and a decrease in the global impacts by two orders of magnitude. Our study contributes to the discussion of LCA community, providing a focus on the importance of scaling‐up of emerging technologies, namely nanostructured porous materials, highlighting the benefits of a LCA based approach since the very beginning of product design (eco‐design). </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> >最近在环境纳米修复领域提出了纳米结构材料。该方法包括不直接使用纳米材料，而是作为用于设计纳米多孔微尺寸系统的构建块，克服了与使用纳米尺寸技术的生态和健康毒理学风险。在此，我们报告使用生命周期评估（LCA）作为用于优化纤维素纳米孔（CNS）的生产的生态设计工具，最近开发用于水修复目的的纳米结构材料。将LCA从原材料获取到合成CNS（从摇篮到门），从实验室级别考虑三种生产系统到建模的扩展系统。实验室规模LCA鉴定了主要环境热点，即耗能步骤和材料的最终净化（洗涤步骤）。在第二个实验室规模的生产中，可以实施改进作用，将洗涤溶剂从甲醇切换到水中并降低洗涤温度。第二个LCA对材料的影响表现出降低的贡献，而全局影响仍然在相同的数量级内。通过内部回收，模拟扩大的过程中的过程允许优化能量耗能的步骤和耗水量。第三个LCA评估了由此产生的效益和全球影响的减少，减少了两个数量级。我们的研究有助于讨论LCA社区，重点关注新兴技术，即纳米结构多孔材料的重要性，突出了基于LCA的方法的益处，因为产品设计（Eco-Design）开始。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-34816/'>《Journal of Industrial Ecology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2020年第1期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共15页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/21.html" title="环境科学、安全科学">环境科学、安全科学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=cellulose nanosponges&option=203" rel="nofollow">cellulose nanosponges;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=eco‐design&option=203" rel="nofollow">eco‐design;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=life cycle assessment&option=203" rel="nofollow">life cycle assessment;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=nanotechnologies&option=203" rel="nofollow">nanotechnologies;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=prospective LCA&option=203" rel="nofollow">prospective LCA;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=scale‐up&option=203" rel="nofollow">scale‐up;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：纤维素纳米孔;生态设计;生命周期评估;纳米技术;未来的LCA;缩放; 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break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：主要材料用于建筑的生命周期环境影响评估方法 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130420905999.html">Aggregation of Life Cycle Impact Assessment Data and Generation of Life Cycle Impact Assessments and Scoring</a> <b>[P]</b> . <span> 外国专利：  US2013066672A1 </span> <span> . 2013-03-14</span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：生命周期影响评估数据的汇总以及生命周期影响评估和评分的生成 </span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/patent-detail/06130400990648.html">Application of drone technology for the assessment and analysis of volume-metric GPS based site contamination prior to construction to reduce risks and improve estimation of site contamination including water, hydrocarbons and other contaminates. 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