Vitamin K1 and Vitamin K2 immunopharmacological effects on the peripheral lymphocytes of healthy subjects and dialysis patients, as estimated by the lymphocyte immunosuppressant sensitivity test

摘要

Summary What is known and objective Renal transplant recipients receive immunosuppressive therapy to prevent acute rejection. We evaluated the immunopharmacological efficacy of vitamin K1 ( VK 1) and vitamin K2 ( VK 2) on T‐cell mitogen‐activated‐peripheral lymphocytes of dialysis patients and healthy subjects. Methods The effects of VK 1 and VK 2 on the T‐cell mitogen‐stimulated proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC s) obtained from 12 healthy subjects and 12 dialysis patients were estimated. Seven cytokines produced from the activated PBMC s were measured by a BD Cytometric Beads Array kit. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in PBMC s were analysed as CD 4?+? CD 25?+?FoxP3?+? lymphocytes by flow cytometry. Results VK 2 dose‐dependently suppressed the concanavalin A‐stimulated proliferation of PBMC s from healthy subjects and dialysis patients, whereas VK 1 had no significant effect on the PBMC proliferation. VK 1 and VK 2 did not influence the production of most of the Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines from the activated PBMC s of these subjects, although VK 2 increased the IL ‐4 production from PBMC s of healthy subjects. The Treg percentages in the PBMC s of dialysis patients were markedly decreased compared to healthy PBMC s after the treatment with relatively low concentrations of VK 2. What is new and conclusion The present data suggest that VK 2 has immunosuppressive efficacy. VK 2 may enhance the immunosuppressive efficacies of glucocorticoids while preventing osteoporosis caused by glucocorticoids.