Genetic Diversity Studied on Some Polyembryoinc& Monoembryonic Mango Genotypes using Morphological andMolecular markers

摘要

This study was carried out during 2013 and 2014 growing seasons on eight years old trees to study the cross among some mango cultivars (Mangifera indica) mono- embryonic (Keitt - Zill - Sensation) and poly embryonic mango (13/1-Sabra- Peetch) on the orchard of the Tropical fruit garden in Horticulture Research institute, Giza, Egypt. Physical and chemical characteristics of fruits were study besides of molecular characterization (RAPD).The data showed that the Keitt cultivar had significantly higheraverage fruit lengths. On the country, Zill cultivar recorded the lowest one. Also, Keitt cultivar had the biggest in weight fruit followed by Sensation, but Peetch and Zill produced the smallest one. Furthermore, Zill fruit gave the highest values of non-reducing sugar and the lowest one was clear in Peetch fruit. Meanwhile, the total sugar percentages revealed that Zill cultivar recorded the greatest content. The highest value of the acidity percentage was found in Sabra fruit and the lowest value wasfound in Zill fruit. However, the highest Vit.C was clear in Keitt fruit and the lowest one was shown in 13/1 fruit. Moreover, genetic studies was used to determined genetic variability, relationship and identify unique molecular marker characterizing six mango genotypes and their hybrids using eight of the RAPD primers. Number of polymorphic bands ranged from 5 to 24, detecting 99 polymorphic bands with an average 12.3 bands / primer. The highest number of polymorphic bands (24) was obtained with primer OP016, representing the highest percentage (100%) of polymorphism. H13 was closely related to Keitt genotype, H5 was closely Zill genotype and Sensation genotype revealed genetic relation with hybrids (HI 1, HI, H10 and HI2).