Two authenticated quantum dialogue protocols based on three-particle entangled states

摘要

In this paper, we propose two authenticated quantum dialogue protocols based on three-particle entangled states, which are both completely secure and more efficient. The first controlled quantum dialogue protocol with authentication is creatively proposed, which is secure under not only some famous external attacks but also internal attacks, for example, the dishonest controller's attack. This protocol has a slightly increasing efficiency and less qubit cost compared to previous protocols. Besides, we present the second authenticated quantum dialogue protocol, which has a high efficiency with 80% by integrating dense coding. This protocol can also resist various well-known attacks.