Physicochemical Characterization of Raw and Modified Banana Pseudostem Fibers and Their Adsorption Capacities for Heavy Metal Pb2+ and Cd2+ in Water

摘要

The banana pseudostem fiber was modified by steam explosion and cellulose xanthogenation methods to enhance the capacity of absorbing heavy metal ions Pb2+ and Cd2+. The surface morphologies of the steam exploded (SEBF) and cellulose xanthogenate (SEBF-CX) modified fibers were in loose form and had more surface area. The intensity of -CH, -C=O, C=C, or C-O-C group in SEBF or SEBF-CX was lower due to hemicellulose and lignin were reduced after the modification, while the cellulose crystallinity and thermal stability were increased based on X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. SEBF had higher adsorption capacity at Pb2+ concentration below 100 mg/L. However, SEBF-CX exhibited higher capacity at high concentration of Pb2+. SEBF-CX had higher adsorption capacity of removing Cd2+ as well. The adsorption kinetic of SEBF-CX was fit to the pseudo second-order. In general, SEBF-CX could be used as an economical and efficient absorbent for removing heavy metal ion pollutes in water. (C) 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers