The current situation and prevention and control countermeasures for typical dynamic disasters in kilometer-deep mines in China

摘要

To ensure the safety of kilometer-deep mining and prevent the occurrence of typical dynamic disasters (rock burst and coal and gas outburst), this paper counted and analyzed the status quo of mining and typical dynamic disasters currently for 47 deep mines in China. The results show that the 47 deep mines are mainly distributed in 8 provinces; the proportions of mines affected by rock burst and coal and gas outburst are 53.2% and 29.79%, which are 29.23 times and 2.66 times the national average. Typical dynamic disasters in deep are more serious than that in shallow, the number of mines affected by rock burst will increase greatly in particular. The proportion of kilometer-deep mines that threatened by both coal and gas outburst and rock burst is 12.77%. Existing techniques used for prevention and control of typical dynamic disasters in kilometer-deep mines all refer to shallow mining; however, the following problems occur in deep mining: the mechanism of typical dynamic disasters and mechanism of complex disasters are not clear; the typical disaster early warning system is imperfect, and it's difficult to do precision mining in deep. Focusing on these problems, this study presents forward countermeasures from following directions: research on mechanism of deep typical dynamic disasters and coupling mechanism of complex dynamic disasters, establishing deep mine multi-parameter dynamic disaster monitoring and warning mechanisms and related equipment research, establishing deep mine typical dynamic disasters prevention and control systems, and research on the basic theory and equipment for precision mining in deep.