Relationships among sense of coherence, oral health status, nutritional status and care need level of older adults according to path analysis

摘要

Aim Sense of coherence (SOC) is a measurement of ability of an individual to cope with psychological stress and remain in good health. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships among SOC score, oral health status, nutritional status and care need level of older adults using path analysis. Methods We enrolled 53 older adults (17 men and 36 women) who were attending a day care service (mean age 80.4 ± 6.5 years). SOC was assessed using a 13‐item, seven‐scale instrument. Oral health status (number of present teeth, denture use) and nutritional status (assessed with Mini‐Nutritional Assessment Short‐Form) were also evaluated. Path analysis was used to examine the relationship of SOC with other related factors, including care need level. Results The mean SOC score was 57.0 ± 13.9. Mini‐Nutritional Assessment Short‐Form results showed that one participant (1.8%) was malnourished, 26 (49.1%) were at risk of malnutrition and 26 (49.1%) had normal nutritional status. Participants with high SOC scores showed a strong positive attitude, had a relatively large number of teeth, were in good nutritional condition and showed low care need levels. Conclusions The present results showed that maintaining a high SOC level and good oral health help to reduce care need levels in older adults, and also prevent a worsening of their nutritional condition. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2083–2088 .