Quantifying weathering on variable rocks, an extension of geochemical mass balance: Critical zone and landscape evolution

机译：在可变岩石上量化风化，是地球化学质量平衡的延伸：关键区域和景观进化

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Abstract > We present a statistical model of soil and rock weathering in deep profiles to expand the capacity to assess weathering to heterogeneous bedrock types, which are common at the Earth's surface. We developed the Weathering Trends (WT) model by extending the fractional mass change calculation (tau) of the geochemical mass balance model in two important ways. First, WT log transforms the elemental ratio data, to discern the log‐linear patterns that naturally develop from thermodynamic and kinetic laws of chemistry. Second, WT statistically fits log‐transformed element concentration ratio data – log( <fi>c</fi> <sub> <fi>j</fi> </sub> / <fi>c</fi> <sub> <fi>i</fi> </sub> ), the only depth‐varying term in tau – as a function of depth to determine characteristic depths of transitions in weathering processes, along with confidence intervals. With no prior assumptions, WT estimates average parent material composition, average composition of the upper weathered zone and mean fractional mass change of each element over the entire weathering profile. WT displays the mean shape of weathering profiles of log‐transformed geochemical data bounded by calculated confidence intervals. We share the WT model code as an open‐source R package ( <url href="https://github.com/fisherba/WeatheringTrends">https://github.com/fisherba/WeatheringTrends</url> ). The WT model was designed to interpret two 21?m cores from the Laurels Schist bedrock in the Christina River Basin Critical Zone Observatory in the Pennsylvania Piedmont, where our morphological and elemental data provided inconclusive estimates of bedrock depth. The WT model differentiated between rock variability and weathering to delineate the maximum extent of weathering at 12.3?m (CI 95% [9.2, 21.3]) in Ridge Well 1 and 7.2?m (CI 95% [4.3, 13.0]) in Interfluve Well 2. The water table was 5–8?m below fresh rock at Ridge Well 1, but at the same depth as fresh rock at the lower elevation interfluve. We assess statistical approaches to identify the best immobile element for use in WT and tau calculations. Copyright ? 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <title type =“main”>抽象</ title> >我们存在深层轮廓沉降沉降的统计模型，扩大了浅谈瓦斯的岩石岩石类型的能力，在地球表面常见。我们通过以两种重要方式扩展地球化学质量平衡模型的分数质量变化计算（TAU）开发了风化趋势（WT）模型。首先，WT日志将元素比数据变换，辨别自然地从化学热力学和动力学定律自然发展的对数线性模式。其次，WT统计上拟合日志变换元件浓度比数据 - log（<fi> c </ fi> <sub> <fi> j </ fi> </ sub> <fi> c </ fi> <sub> <fi> i </ fi> </ sub>），TAU中唯一的深度变化术语 - 作为深度的函数，以确定风化过程中过渡的特征深度以及置信区间。没有现有假设，WT估计平均母体材料组合物，上部风化区域的平均组成以及整个风化轮廓上的每个元件的平均分数变化。 WT显示通过计算置信区间界限的对数转换地球化学数据的风化轮廓的平均形状。我们将WT模型代码分享为开源R包（<url href =“https://github.com/fisherba/weatheringtrends”> https://github.com/fisherba/weatheringtrends </ URL>）。 WT模型旨在解释来自宾夕法尼亚州皮埃蒙特的克里斯蒂娜河流域临界区天文台的月兰氏河流域临界区天文台中的两21芯，我们的形态学和元素数据提供了基岩深度的不确定估计。 WT模型在岩石变异性和风化之间区分以在12.3μm（CI 95％[9.2,21.3]）中描绘岩石井1和7.2·m（CI 95％[4.3,13.0]）的最大程度的风化程度（CI 95％[4.3,13.0]）好的2.水桌子在脊架1的新岩石下方5-8？米在1，但在较低的升降中的新鲜岩石中的深度相同。我们评估统计方法以确定WT和TAU计算中使用的最佳固定元件。版权？ 2017年John Wiley＆amp; SONS，LTD。</ p> </ abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-22319/'>《Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2017年第14期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共12页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Fisher Beth A.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Fisher Beth A.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Rendahl Aaron K.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Rendahl Aaron K.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Aufdenkampe Anthony K.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Aufdenkampe Anthony K.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Yoo Kyungsoo&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Yoo Kyungsoo;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>University of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt Paul MN 55108 USA;</p> <p>University of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt Paul MN 55108 USA;</p> <p>Stroud Water Research CenterAvondale PA 19311 USA;</p> <p>University of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt Paul MN 55108 USA;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/163.html" title="地球物理学">地球物理学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=weathering&option=203" rel="nofollow">weathering;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=geochemical mass balance&option=203" rel="nofollow">geochemical mass balance;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=critical zone&option=203" rel="nofollow">critical zone;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=heterogeneous bedrock&option=203" rel="nofollow">heterogeneous bedrock;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=statistical model&option=203" rel="nofollow">statistical model;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：风化;地球化学质量平衡;关键区;异质基岩;统计模型; 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