Emission of materials of biological origin in laying hen houses with different technologies of rearing.

摘要

The aim of this study was to determine the conversion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by laying hens into the production of eggs and to determine the emission of nitrogen, air pollution by dust and microorganisms in accordance with different technologies of layer rearing. The studies were conducted in 6 poultry houses. The birds were kept in cage batteries BKN-3, "Spech", OBN-1, OBN-3 or on littered floor. It was found that there was 1.6 times more dust in the air of poultry house where laying hens were kept on litter and the total number of bacteria was 2.4 times higher than in the bird cages (P<0.001). The laying hens assimilated 21.95-28.42% of nitrogen, 19.63-31.25% of phosphorus, 6.04-8.33% of potassium for egg production and weight gains when feed is balanced. If cage technologies are applied, over a year, there is a loss of 6.7+or-1.4% of nitrogen through the excrements because of nitrogen emission. In littered floor, there was a loss of 18.5+or-4.8% of nitrogen extricated with the excrements (P<0.025). When the birds were kept in cages, 0.059+or-0.011 kg of nitrogen/bird evaporated because of ammonia emission, while in the case of littered floor, 0.227+or-0.126 kg of nitrogen was lost..