Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of Pentachloronitrobenzene Residues in Environmental Samples

摘要

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), a fungicide and chemical intermediate, was developed using a polyclonal antiserum produced against a hapten-protein conjugate of pentachlorophenoxypropionic acid-bovine serum albumin (BSA). An indirect competitive ELISA of PCNB showed an IC_(50) of 37 ng/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 7 ng/mL The ELISA can tolerate up to 10% (v/v) methanol, 5% (v/v) acetonitrile, or 5% (v/v) acetone without significant fluctuation of A_(max) and IC_(50). The assay sensitivity showed little change in a range of pH from 6 to 8 and concentrations of 0.05-0.2 M NaCl in the assay buffer. Very low cross-reactivities were observed for some structurally related compounds except for hexachlorobenzene (12%). The average recoveries of PCNB from fortified well water, river water, and soil samples were in ranges of 88-94, 80-91, and 70-81%, respectively. The correlations between the gas chromatographic and ELISA results were excellent (r~2 > 0.97, slopes from 0.86 to 1.10) for those fortified samples. The ELISA is a good alternative tool for monitoring PCNB residues in environmental samples.