SHIP Represses the Generation of IL-3-Induced M2 Macrophages by Inhibiting IL-4 Production from Basophils1

摘要

The phenotypic heterogeneity of macrophages (MPHIs)~4 is currently in the spotlight because of the dramatic effects that different subsets have on microbial infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer (1-3). The initial inflammatory response to infectious agents and aberrant cells, for example, is typically conducted by classically activated (Ml) MPHIs, which attack invading microorganisms and tumor cells, and promote Thl-specific immune responses (3). In contrast, the resolution phase of inflammation is mediated by alternatively activated (M2) MPHIs, which are hyporesponsive to inflammatory stimuli and are involved in debris scavenging, angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, wound healing, and the promotion of Th2-specific immunity (1-3). MPHI heterogeneity is induced by the microenvironment, with Ml