Experimental verification of the Breit-Rabi formula in the case of clock transition by using the spectroscopy method

摘要

In this paper, the Breit-Rabi formula has been verified experimentally by precisely measuring the quadratic Zeeman coefficient of the ground-state clock transition of 87Rb. The resonant spectra of the clock transition are obtained by using both microwave and Raman pulses to drive the transition. The line widths are optimized to be 120 Hz for microwave spectra and 300 Hz for Raman spectra so that the resolution of measurement can be increased. In our experiment, the uncertainty of the measured quadratic Zeeman coefficient is better than 1 × 10~8 HzT~(-2). The coefficient is demonstrated to be (575.09 ± 0.48) × 10~8 HzT~(-2) for the microwave spectroscopy and (574.59 ± 0.89) × 10~8 HzT~(-2) for the Raman spectroscopy which agrees well with the calculated result of 575.15 × 10~8 HzT~(-2).