Intervention strategies and risk-factor modification for falls prevention. A review of recent intervention studies.

摘要

At least 21 randomized trials of falls-prevention interventions have been published in the past 10 years; thus, many falls clearly can be prevented. The most effective interventions are those that target community-dwelling people who are at high risk for falling. There is no doubt that for this group multifactor intervention is effective. Convincing evidence that exercise can prevent falls does exist, but the best type of exercise remains uncertain. Tai Chi, intensive strength and endurance training, and home-based exercises prescribed by a physiotherapist seem promising. Reducing the use of psychotropic medications does prevent falls, but the value of home modifications is still unclear.