Frequency upconversion in Nd3+-doped fluoroindate glass

摘要

We report the observation of frequency upconversion in fluoroindate glasses with the following compositions: (mol%) (39 - x)InF3-20ZnF(2)-20SrF(2)-16BaF(2)-2GdF(3)-2Naf-1GaF(3)-xNdF(3) (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3). The excitation source was a dye laser in resonance with the I-4(9/2) --> ((2)G(5/2), (2)G(7/2)) transition of the Nd3+ ions. The upconverted fluorescence spectra shows emissions from similar to 350 to similar to 450 nm, corresponding to transitions D-4(3/2) --> I-4(9/2); D-4(3/2) --> I-4(11/2); P-2(3/2) --> I-4(9/2); D-4(3/2) --> I-4(13/2); P-2(3/2) --> I-4(11/2); D-4(3/2) --> I-4(15/2); and P-2(13/2) --> I-4(13/2). The dependence of the fluorescence signals on the laser intensity indicates that two laser photons participate in the process. The temporal behavior of the signal indicates that energy transfer among the Nd3+ ions is the main mechanism which contributes to upconversion at 354 and 382 nm.