Control of mango anthracnose and stem end rot fungi by fungicides and bio-agents.

摘要

Results are presented of a study on chemical and biological control (using Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and Gliocladium virens) of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [Glomerella cingulata] and Botryodiplodia theobromae. The fungicides used were Bavistin (carbendazim, 0.1%), Dithane M-45 (mancozeb, 0.2%), Bordeaux mixture (1.0%), Topsin-M (thiophanate-methyl, 0.2%), Emisan (2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 0.2%), Aureofungin (0.01%), Contaf (hexaconazole, 0.1%), Sulfex (sulfur, 0.1%) and Tilt (propiconazole, 0.1%). In the poisoned food technique experiment for C. gloeosporoides, Topsin-M, Emisan and Tilt were the most effective fungicides, totally inhibiting the mycelial growth. For B. theobromae in vitro, the total growth inhibition was found with Topsin-M, Emisan, Contaf and Tilt, followed by Bavistin and Aureofungin, which showed 98.58 and 98.03% inhibition, respectively. The percent reduction of C. gloeosporoides due to T. viride, T. harzianum and Gliocladium virens alone was 59.54, 56.25 and 29.02%, respectively, while in dual culture, the maximum inhibition recorded was 77.07% over the control when the 3 biological control agents were concomitantly inoculated around C. gloeosporoides in Petri plates. The maximum reduction in colony area of B. theobromae (77.64%) over the control was recorded when the 3 biological control agents were concomitantly inoculated around the pathogen in Petri plates.