Pedagogy and the Practice of Science: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives

摘要

In his classic book,The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1),Thomas Kuhn suggests that the "normal science" that is practiced under a well-established paradigm is transmitted through textbooks that show students the important problems and methods of solution of the discipline.Because he was trained in physics,Kuhn primarily used examples from that field,but Michael Polanyi,a chemist who turned to philosophy,expressed a similar viewpoint in his book,Personal Knowledge (2),which emphasized the craft-like aspects of scientific knowledge.