The author have previously conducted detailed measurements of traction curves in the linear region, comparing the gradients to calculated values derived from traction theories used in the past; the comparison indicated that calculated values are much higher than observed values. The major reason for this is that past theories disregarded volume viscoelasticity, and the current research indicates a traction analysis method that considers volume viscoelasticity. This analysis technique uses physical values derived by measurements other than those found in traction tests. The authors calculated the gradient of traction curves in the linear region. The calculations showed that by considering volume viscoelasticity, one can find calculated values close to observed values.
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