Modic changes of the lumbar spine: prevalence, risk factors, and association with disc degeneration and low back pain in a large-scale population-based cohort

摘要

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Modic changes (MC) are bone marrow lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), suggestive of being associated with low back pain (LBP). Data on determinants of MC and their association with disc degeneration and other spinal phenotypes, as well as that of LBP, rely mostly on small-scale patient populations and remain controversial.