Should Willy Wonka have been a sports nutritionist?

摘要

The seminal studies from Holloszy and colleagues in the 1960s were the first to demonstrate that endurance exercise training can increase skeletal muscle mitochondrial content (Holloszy, 1967). Since then, many of the molecular cues translating this exercise stimulus to mitochondrial adaptation have been defined (Yan etal. 2011). Physical activity is a key modulator of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and mitochondrial content, as is the balance between nutrient supply and utilization (Yan et al. 2011). Importantly, reductions in chronic activity levels and nutrient excess are associated with the development of obesity, inflammation and chronic disease, whilst exercise in combination with appropriate nutritional practice leads to a enhanced training response (Hawley et al. 2011).