REGIONAL SEISMIC SONG DIFFERENCES IN SKY ISLAND POPULATIONS OF THE JUMPING SPIDER HABRONATTUS PUGILLIS GRISWOLD (ARANEAE,SALTICIDAE)

摘要

Jumping spiders have long been used as model organisms to study visual communication.However, recent studies documenting the presence of intricate multicomponent seismic songs during courtship displays suggest an important role of seismic communication as well. Given the relatively recentfocus on seismic communication, the extent to which seismic songs vary among jumping spider speciesor even among populations remains poorly understood. Here, we use the extensively studied Habronattuspugillis Griswold 1987 complex to explore putative seismic song diversity among males from isolatedpopulations. H. pugillis populations have been studied extensively because of the tremendous diversification of male visual secondary sexual ornaments observed among adjacent mountain-top populations insoutheastern Arizona ("sky islands"). Here, we aim to explore putative parallel patterns of diversificationin seismic courtship songs between different sky island populations. Using laser vibrometry, we examinedin detail the songs of three mountaintop populations (Atascosa (AT), Santa Rita (SR), and Santa Catalina(SC)) and observed an extraordinary diversity of songs and song types among these three populations.Large differences were seen in both the temporal and spectral properties of male seismic songs. In addition,we observed differences in song complexity between populations with some populations having "simple"songs (1 component) and others having "complex" songs (3 components). We also present preliminarydata from four additional populations (Galiuro (GA), Huachuca (HU), Mule (MU), and Patagonia (PA)).Results from this study suggest that the diversification of male visual signals observed among populationsof H. pugillis finds a counterpart in male seismic songs