Evaluation of soybean (Glycine max) varieties for stability of yield and its components.

摘要

Experiments were conducted in rainy seasons of 2004-06 in Karnataka, India to identify stable soyabean genotypes with superior agronomic traits important for adaptation, to assess the presence and nature of the G x E interactions for plant height, nodes per plant, branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield and days to 50% flowering and to determine the yield stability of 30 genotypes over 3 years. Mean squares for genotypes, linear components of environments and interactions of genotype x environment were significant for all characters. Cultivars JS 335, JS 90-41, MACS 13, MACS 124, MAUS 32, MAUS 47, MAUS 61-2, MAUS 71, MAUS 81, NRC 2, NRC 7, NRC 12, NRC 37, PK 416, PK 472, PS 1029, PS 1092, Pusa 16, VL Soya 21, and VL Soya 47 deviated non-significantly from zero, and are thus stable over the seasons for the yield. Among these, MACS 13, MAUS 32, MAUS 47, MAUS 61-2, NRC 12, PK 416 and Pusa 16 were average responsive indicating suitability to all environments, but among these 7, only MAUS 61-2 recorded higher mean value than the grand mean, and hence suited for the cultivation for all environments. Among the others, cultivars JS 90-41, NRC 7, PC 472, VL Soya 21 and VL Soya 47 were highly responsive and recorded higher mean value than grand mean. Therefore, these cultivars are suited for favourable environments. Only 3 cultivars, JS 335, MAUS 71 and NRC 37 were low responsive and recorded higher mean than the grand mean, indicating their suitability for unfavourable environments. No cultivar was consistently superior for all the characters in all the seasons. The cultivars stable for yield and other characters can be used as parents in future breeding programmes for the development of suitable genotypes for cultivation under diverse environments.