Development of new methods and means of dynamic laser goniometry

摘要

The methods and instruments of dynamic laser goniometry developedover many years of research carried out in the St Petersburg StageElectrotechnical University [formerly Leningrad ElectrotechicalInstitute (LETI)] are considered. The primary sources of error andconditions for error minimisation are identified and evaluated. Thelaser goniometers developed have been used to certify opticalpolygons and angular position sensors, to estimate angular motionparameters of various objects, and specifically to measure angularpositions of crystals in the unique diffraction spectrometer built atthe St Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics (PINP) of the RussianAcademy of Sciences. Modern measurement technologies combined with aself-calibrated ring laser allowed a large amount of measuringinformation to be accumulated over a short (1 ot 5 min) period oftime and ensured that the random component of angle measurementuncertainty is as small as 0.02 to 0.03" in the 0-360 deg range. Onthe basis of inertial properties of a ring laser, a new concept wasproposed for constructing a new generation of measuring systemsintended to estimate complex angular motions and to provide dynamiccalibration of multiple-axis test beds, large-scale antenna systems,telescopes, and other objects.