Occurrence and Distribution of Cauliflower mosaic virus on Cruciferous Plants in Iran

摘要

A survey was conducted to determine the occurrence and distribution of Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) in several cruciferous crops in Iran. A total of 1451 symptomatic leaf samples were collected in 10 different Iranian provinces during the summers of 2004 and 2005 and then tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using specific CaMV-polyclonal antisera. Serological diagnosis was confirmed by herbaceous host range study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Spherical particlesof approximately 50 nm in diameter were observed at electron microscope in symptomatic field samples. CaMV was detected in numerous cruciferous crops, with the highest incidence in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) plantings. The virus occurred on B. oleracea var. acephala, B. oleracea var. capitata alba, B. oleracea var. italica, B. pekinensis, B. rapa, B. oleracea var. ganglyodes and Raphanus sativus in different provinces of Iran and in three brassica weeds (Rapistrum rugosum, Raphanus raphanistrum and Sisymbrium loeselii). Brevicoryne brassicae and Myzus persicae were the most widespread colonizing aphids of cruciferous crops in the surveyed areas, which also transmitted CaMV experimentally.