Capillary nanofiltration coupled with powdered activated carbon adsorption for high quality water reuse

摘要

Direct capillary nanofiltration was tested for reclamation of tertiary effluent from a municipalnwastewater treatment plant. This process can be regarded as a promising treatment alternativenfor high quality water reuse applications when combined with powdered activated carbon fornenhanced removal of organic compounds. The nanofiltration was operated at flux levels betweenn20 and 25 L/(m2nh) at a transmembrane pressure difference of 2–3 bar for approximately 4,000noperating hours. The study was conducted with PAC doses in the range from 0 to 50mg/L. Thenplant removal for DOC ranged from 88–98%. The sulfate retention of the membrane filtrationnprocess was between 87 and 96%. The process provided a consistently high permeate qualitynwith respect to organic and inorganic key parameters.