刃痕にみる飛鳥時代から鎌倉時代のオノの形状と工作技術: 建築生産工程における道具刃部の形状と使用法の研究 その2

摘要

The report reveals the following findings from the traces of an axe and adze on existing wooden buildings in Kinki region which were built between the Asuka period and Kamakura period. Axes were used for lumbering. It is presumed that they were used to cut off raw wood and to make coarse wooden blocks out of a log. Adzes were the main tools for shaping building components after they are vertically split to form lumbers and for chipping the surfaces. They come in a variety of blade widths and shapes (straight/curved), and were used in accordance to the shape of the chipping surface (flat/rounded surfaces, joints) and its size. The adzes in the seventh to fourteenth century were used for a wider application than it is today, often used to scrape the chopped surface flat after it is lumbered, and to make a moderately round surface (convex and concave surfaces).%日本の木造建築の生産技術の発達は、大工道具の発達と密接に関わっている。これまでの大工道具発達史に関する研究は主に道具の実物資料や文献絵画資料を基礎資料としたもので、先学こより一定の成果をみている。建築部材に残された工具刃痕についての調査研究は、既往研究では仮説に留まっていた道具の使用法や刃部形状等の実態を明らかにする上で必要不可欠と考えるが、刃痕に基づいた総合的な研究はまだ十分に行われていない。