学童保育施設におけるゾーンのつくりと児童の遊び様態の関係性についての事例的考察

摘要

This paper aimed to clarify the relationships between children's aspects of playing and spatial characteristics of playing zones. For this purpose, observational investigation was executed at three after-school care facilities which have different spatial characteristics such as area size, condition of playing zone and so on. In the analysis, the attention was paid to "place factors: area size of zones, the zones' spatial characteristics, and fixedness of children's playing place", "playing factors: kind of playing and fixedness of it", and "playmate factors: group of playmate, size of the group." And we analyzed the relationship between children's aspects of playing and the zones' spatial characteristics through breaking the children's aspects of playing down into patterns. Consequently, it was understood that the concrete consideration points as follows set off children's stable staying and developmental playing; the enclosed zones, furniture as play base, the zone that synchronizes with the kind of playing, and plurals zones with various floor surfacing that make children to be able to select the playing place according to their playing kind.%近年，学童保育施設には，量の拡充とともに生活の場としての質の 向上が期待されている。本報告は後者に重きが置かれたものだが，ま ずは施設の環境を家具配置と空間の開放度からなる「ゾーンのつくり」 という指標を導入することで立体的に捉えた点が評価される。さらに それと児童の遊びの様態との関係を明らかにしているが，遊びという’ 流動的な状況を丹念な行動観察から記録し，その内容や集団構成，児 童の指向性と空間との関わりを示した貴重な報告となっている。ただ し，児童の遊び様態はそれが単独で成立するわけではないから，対象 施設の保育方針や職員の活動等を併せた考察が求められよう。また， 規模や運営形態，施設環境が多様である学童保育施設の現状を考慮す るに；本報告の知見が施設環境の質の向上にどのように活用されてい くべきか，一歩踏み込んだ言及がなされることに期待が寄せられる。