On-farm rainwater management for sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system in western central tableland zone of Orissa

摘要

A field experiment was conducted in the farmer's field on on-farm rainwater management to assess the productivity of rice-wheat cropping system in the rainfed medium land in western central table land zone of Orissa. Weir heights of 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm were constructed in the rice fields and the excess rain water through these weirs were collected in the refuges (20% area) for recycling for supplemental irrigation. The results revealed that, wear height of 15 cm gave the highest grain yield of 3.31 t/ha over other weir heights. Among 3 varieties tested (Lalat, MTU 1001 and Swarna), Swarna produced the highest grain yield (3.47 t/ ha). The average depth of water retained in the refuges at 15 cm weir height in the months of October, November, December, January and February were 1.42, 1.15, 1.04, 0.79 and 0.34 m respectively. All the three wheat varieties (Sonalika, UP 262 and HUW 234) grown after rice with 3 irrigations from refuge in 50% of rice area yielded on an average equal yield ranging from 1.61 t/ha to 1.81 t/ha. Based on the study, it is recommended to grow rice (cv. Swarna) and wheat variety UP 262 or HUW 234, at 15 cm weir height with a refuge area of 20% for sustaining the yield of rice-wheat cropping system. From the techno-economic study, the benefit-cost ratio of the cropping system along with the refuge is 1.11, the net present value Rs. 1481.00, internal rate of return 14% and pay back period is 15 years. Therefore, teqhno-economically, this system will be acceptable by the farmers of the area.