Phenolic xenoestrogens in surface water, sediments, and sewage sludge from Baden-Wurttemberg, south-west Germany

摘要

Nine structurally different phenolic chemicals, which have been reported to mimic estrogen effects, were determined in various aquatic environmental. Twenty-three water samples from five streams and rivers showed levels up to 458 ng/l for 4- nonylphenol(4NP), 189 ng/l for 4-t-ocylphenol(4tOP), 272 ng/l for bisphenol A(BPA)and 47 ng/l for 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2OHBip). Elevated levels of these compounds in a stream with a high load of effluents of sewage treatment plants(STPs), com- pared to a brook free of sewage, identified STPs as major sources.