A study on prevalence and risk factors of diabetic nephropathy in newly detected type 2 diabetic patients

摘要

Aims and Objectives: This clinical study aimed to find out the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in newly detected type 2 diabetic patients and also the risk factors associated with the development of the diabetic nephropathy. Settings and Design: The study group comprised 200 subjects diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patients were explained about the study and the study was conducted over a period of 18 months as a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: A progressive kidney disease diabetic nephropathy involves damaging the capillaries in the kidneys’ glomeruli. Patients were investigated for the presence of diabetic nephropathy with several risk factors such as hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, smoking, body mass index, hypertension, family history of diabetes, and kidney diseases. Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-squared test, two-sample t-test, and binary logistic regression model were used for data analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 11.5. Results: The prevalence found in this study was 13%. Of 200 patients, 26 were found to have diabetic nephropathy. Among these patients, 12% had microalbuminuria and 1% had macroalbuminuria. Incidence of nephropathy was higher in associated risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia. Conclusion: Effective measures to create awareness among the people and educate them for a healthy life style are to be taken. The effective control of the risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients will prevent the development of nephropathy and also retard its progression.