Especies vegetales productoras de exudados de la Ciudad Universitaria “Antonio Borjas Romero”, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela / Plant species producing exudates of the city university “Antonio Borjas Romero”, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela

摘要

Plant species producing exudates of the University City "Antonio Borjas Romero", University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela, were inventoried. The research was conducted in secondary communities: relicts of xerophytic species, trees of Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Baker ex K.Heyne, savannas with invasive species, deciduous species and adjacent wet substrates. Exudation was stimulated by wounds practiced in the stem and ten biweekly samplings were performed (october 2015 to february 2016). The solubility (water) was determined by refractometry and the exudate was classified: gum, gum-resin or resin. Twenty-four species (11 families) were identified, including: Mimosaceae (6), Caesalpiniaceae (3) and Meliaceae (3). The exudates of Anacardiaceae, Meliaceae, Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae presented solubility characteristics of gum-resins. The solubility could be affected by the swelling and/or acetyl groups in the polysaccharide of the exudates of some Caesalpiniaceae, Malvaceae, Mimosaceae, Sapindaceae and Sterculiaceae. This classification could be useful in Chemotaxonomy. This inventory increased the species producing exudates for Maracaibo, and most are gum-resin type.