Teor de água e fertilidade do solo com cafeeiros cultivados em sistemas agroflorestais

摘要

The aim of this study was to compare the soil moisture and fertility in coffee systems intercropped with trees with low levels of fertilization and in conventional system; the following systems were tested: coffee (Coffea arabica L.) under full light; coffee with Senna macranthera; coffee with Senna macranthera and Musa sp.; coffee with Senna macranthera, Musa sp. and Zeyhera tuberculosa. The last three systems were evaluated with the same density of intercropped plants and all treatments with the same number of coffee plants. The trial was conducted during a 57-month period. A favorable balance for water conservation in the soil was obtained in the intercropped system at the beginning of the dry season. However, the maintenance of this balance will depend on the water demand of the components of the intercropped system and the dry season duration. The intercropped system favored pH stability and reduction in aluminum saturation, nevertheless the nutrient requirement of the components of the intercropped system should be supplied by means of external inputs, to avoid soil impoverishment.